Thursday, March 19, 2020
Weaver method Essays
Weaver method Essays Weaver method Paper Weaver method Paper Before investigating the various ways of creating a SSBSC signal it would be prudent to understand the basic principal of such systems and their advantages. SSBSC technology has developed so as to over come some of the inefficiencies of DSBSC (Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier) technology. In both systems the signal information is carried in the side bands of the carrier frequency. However DSBSC transmits both sidebands and the suppressed carrier even though signal information from one sideband would be sufficient. This is obviously both bandwidth and power wasteful. SSBSC attempts to solve this problem by removing both the suppressed carrier and one of the sidebands. This theoretically halves bandwidth requirements and saves up to 83% in power. The receiving of the SSBSC requires the missing carrier be replaced. The SSBSC signal is mixed with a local oscillator frequency and the signal is detected. So although some of these advantages are offset by the extra complications at the receiver when reassembling the signal it is by far more power and bandwidth efficient than DSBSC. This enables more signals to be multiplexed. There are three ways to generate a SSBSC signal (although the third is considered a hybrid of the second by some). This report attempts to give a brief overview of each method available, listing advantages and disadvantages for each. From these observations a recommendation will be drawn as to which system would be most beneficial to your company. Filter Method As already implemented by your company the filter method simply takes a DSBSC signal and filters the unwanted sideband out. The information signal is first amplified and fed to a balanced modulator. A balanced modulator is essentially two product modulators added together. One with a negative information signal and carrier, one with a positive. The result of adding these together cancels out the carrier. The modulator also receives an intermediate frequency which is both frequency and phase locked. An intermediate frequency is used to assist the filters cut off characteristics (explained later in this paragraph). These signals combine to produce the DSBSC. This modulated signal is then fed into the filter. These filters are required to have very sharp cut off characteristics. This means how fast they can transition from frequencies to be passed and frequencies not to be passed (passband and stopband). Filters can range in performance with the most efficient being costly. The filter removes the unwanted sideband and then the signal, still modulated at an intermediate frequency, is up-converted through a transmit mixer to the required transmission frequency. Finally the modulated signal is amplified through a linear power amplifier ready to be coupled to an antenna or coaxial for multiplexing (diagram 1). The filter method has the advantage of being the most practical and easiest method of creating a SSBSC signal. However building filters with a steep enough cut-off point at high frequencies is hard. Because of this filters have a tendency to include unwanted sideband frequencies and distort the wanted sideband. Filters that approach these high cut-off characteristics are also expensive. Standard frequency filters (for example 455 kHz, 10. 7 MHz) are a lot cheaper. Phasing Method The phasing method removes the necessity of a filter. The carrier and sideband are removed mathematically. The technique uses two DSBSC signals where the upper sideband or the lower sideband is out of phase by 90? over the whole frequency range on one of the signals. As well as this one of the carrier signals is out of phase by 90? as well. This can be achieved through a Hilbert transformer. A signal out of phase by 90? is said to in-quadrature to its original signal and is therefore referred to as the quadrature signal (cosine). The other original signal is referred to as the in-phase signal (sin). There are now two signals :- * Signal 1 Carrier in-phase, information signal LSB or USB in-quadrature * Signal 2 Carrier in-quadrature, information LSB and USB signal in-phase A quality of in-quadrature and in-phase signals is that they cancel each other out when added and herein lies the principal of this method. Both signals are fed into their own balanced modulators their outputs are super-imposed on each other with the result being a cancellation of the carrier and the LSB. If the phase shift is reversed to -90? then the USB will be removed and the LSB will remain (Diagram 2). If spacing between in-phase and quadrature signals is not all to 90? or amplitude of in-phase and quadrature carrier is not equal then the unwanted sideband will not be completely cancelled.
Tuesday, March 3, 2020
How to Say Happy Halloween in Japanese
How to Say Happy Halloween in Japanese Happy Halloween translates into, Happii Harowin (ãÆ' ãÆ'Æ'ãÆ'â€Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ' ãÆ' ã‚ ¦Ã£â€š £Ã£Æ' ³) when phonetically copying the English expression. Happy ~ generally translated as ~ omdetou (㠊゠㠧㠨ã †) when saying Happy Birthday (Tanjoubi Omedetou) or Happy New Year (Akemashite Omedetou). However, phrases like, Happy Halloween, Happy Valentines or Happy Easter dont use this pattern. Halloween Vocabulary The following are common words associated with Halloween with how to pronounce and write them in Japanese: harowiin ãÆ' ãÆ' ã‚ ¦Ã£â€š £Ã£Æ' ³ - Halloweenjuu-gatsu Ã¥ æÅ"ˆ - Octobermajo é â€Ã¥ ¥ ³ - a witchkumo ã‚ ¯Ã£Æ' ¢ - a spiderhouki 㠻ã †ã - a broomohaka ã Šå ¢â€œ - a graveobake 㠊㠰ã ‘ - ghostkyuuketsuki Ã¥ ¸Ã¨ ¡â‚¬Ã© ¬ ¼ - a vampirekuroneko é »â€™Ã§Å' « - a black catakuma æ‚ ªÃ© †- the Devil; Satanzonbi ã‚ ¾Ã£Æ' ³Ã£Æ'“ - a zombiemiira ãÆ'Ÿã‚ ¤Ã£Æ' © - a mummygaikotsu é ª ¸Ã© ª ¨ - a skeletonkoumori 㠓㠆もり- a batookami otoko ç‹ ¼Ã§â€ · - a werewolffurankenshutain ãÆ'•ãÆ' ©Ã£Æ' ³Ã£â€š ±Ã£Æ' ³Ã£â€š ·Ã£Æ' ¥Ã£â€š ¿Ã£â€š ¤Ã£Æ' ³ - Frankensteinkabocha 㠋㠼㠡ã‚Æ' - pumpkinobake yashiki ã ŠåÅ'â€"ã ‘å ±â€¹Ã¦â€¢ · - a haunted housekosuchuumu ã‚ ³Ã£â€š ¹Ã£Æ' ãÆ' ¥Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ' - a costumerousoku ã‚ ã †ã ã - a candleokashi ã Šè “å - candykowai æ€â€"ã „ - scary Phrases for Halloween Kabocha o horu. 㠋㠼㠡ã‚Æ'ã‚’å ½ «Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã£â‚¬â€š - I carve a pumpkin.Rousoku o tomosu. ã‚ ã †ã ã を㠨も㠙。 - I light candles.Kodomo ni okashi o ageru. Ã¥ ä ¾â€ºÃ£ «Ã£ Šè “å ã‚’ã ‚ã ’る。 - I give treats to the kids.Majo no kasou o suru. é â€Ã¥ ¥ ³Ã£ ®Ã¤ » ®Ã¨ £â€¦Ã£â€šâ€™Ã£ ™ã‚‹ã€‚ - I wear the witchs costume.Horaa eiga o miru. ãÆ'݋Æ' ©Ã£Æ' ¼Ã¦Ëœ 熻ã‚’è ¦â€¹Ã£â€šâ€¹Ã£â‚¬â€š - I watch a horror movie.Akumu ni unasareru. æ‚ ªÃ¥ ¤ ¢Ã£ «Ã£ †ã ªÃ£ •ã‚Å'る。 - I have a nightmare. Ekaki Uta Ekaki uta is a type song that describes how to draw animals and/or favorite characters. Ekaki uta are supposed to help children remember how to draw something by incorporating drawing directions into the lyrics. Ekaki uta for, obake (a ghost) can be found and listened to on YouTube. If you are curious about the white triangular piece of cloth that the little obake wears on his forehead in the video of the song, it is called, hitaikakushi, which is also often worn by Japanese ghosts. Urameshiya is a phrase said, in a sorrowful voice, by Japanese ghosts when they appear. It means, a curse on you. ã Šã Šã ã ª 㠵ã ã‚ ã « 㠊㠿ã šã‚’ ã „ã‚Å'㠦ã Ÿã ã‚’ 㠾ã „㠟ら 㠽㠡ã‚Æ'ã‚“ã ¨ 㠯ã 㠟㠲㠣ã り㠋㠈㠣ã ¦ 㠂㠣ã ‹ã‚“㠹ãÆ' ¼Ã£ •ã‚“ã ‹ã 㠤ã ‘㠟ら㠊㠰ã ‘㠕ん㠆らら 㠆らら 㠆ら゠ã â€"や㠆らら 㠆らら 㠆ら゠ã â€"ã‚„ Ookina fukuro ni omizu o ireteTane o maitara pochan to hanetaHikkuri kaette akkanbeeSankaku tsuketaraObake-san!Urara urara urameshiyaUrara urara urameshiya Obake Nante Naisa Here is a children song called Obake nante nai sa (There are no ghosts!): 㠊㠰ã ‘㠪ã‚“ã ¦ 㠪ã „㠕㠊㠰ã ‘㠪ã‚“ã ¦ ã †ã ã •ã 㠼ã ‘ã Ÿ 㠲㠨ã Å'㠿㠾㠡ã Å'㠈㠟㠮ã •ã ã ‘ã © 㠡ょ㠣㠨 ã ã ‘ã © 㠡ょ㠣㠨㠼ã ã 㠣ã ¦ 㠓゠㠄㠪㠊㠰ã ‘㠪ã‚“ã ¦ 㠪ã „㠕㠊㠰ã ‘㠪ã‚“ã ¦ ã †ã ã • Obake nante nai saObake nante uso saNeboketa hito gaMimachigaeta no saDakedo chotto dakedo chottoBoku datte kowai naObake nante nai saObake nante uso sa 㠻ん㠨ã « 㠊㠰ã ‘ã Å'㠧㠦ã 㠟ら 㠩ã †ã â€"よã †ã‚Å'㠄㠞㠆㠓㠫 ã „ã‚Å'㠦ã‚ «Ã£Æ' ã‚ «Ã£Æ' ã « ã â€"㠡ã‚Æ'ã Šã †ã ã ‘ã © 㠡ょ㠣ã ¨ ã ã ‘ã © 㠡ょ㠣㠨㠼ã ã 㠣ã ¦ 㠓゠㠄㠪㠊㠰ã ‘㠪ã‚“ã ¦ 㠪ã „㠕㠊㠰ã ‘㠪ã‚“ã ¦ ã †ã ã • Honto ni obake gaDetekitara doushiyouReizouko ni ireteKachi kachi ni shichaouDakedo chotto dakedo chottoBoku datte kowai naObake nante nai saObake nante uso sa ã ã ‘ã © 㠓㠩も㠪ら㠨ã‚‚ã 㠡ã « 㠪ã‚ 㠆㠂ã ã â€"ã‚…ã‚’ ã â€"㠦㠋ら㠊や㠤ã‚’ 㠟㠹よã †ã ã ‘ã © 㠡ょ㠣ã ¨ ã ã ‘ã © 㠡ょ㠣㠨㠼ã ã 㠣ã ¦ 㠓゠㠄㠪㠊㠰ã ‘㠪ã‚“ã ¦ 㠪ã „㠕㠊㠰ã ‘㠪ã‚“ã ¦ ã †ã ã • Dakedo kodomo naraTomodachi ni narouAkushu o shite karaOyatsu o tabeyouDakedo chotto dakedo chottoBoku datte kowai naObake nante na isaObake nante uso sa 㠊㠰ã ‘ã ® 㠨ã‚‚ã 㠡㠤ã‚Å'㠦ã ‚る㠄㠟らã ã “ら㠘ゅ㠆㠮 㠲㠨ã Å'㠳㠣ã り㠙るã ã‚ ã †ã ã ‘ã © 㠡ょ㠣ã ¨ ã ã ‘ã © 㠡ょ㠣㠨㠼ã ã 㠣ã ¦ 㠓゠㠄㠪㠊㠰ã ‘㠪ã‚“ã ¦ 㠪ã „㠕㠊㠰ã ‘㠪ã‚“ã ¦ ã †ã ã • Obake no tomodachiTsurete aruitaraSokora juu no hito gaBikkuri suru darouDakedo chotto dakedo chottoBoku datte kowai naObake nante nai saObake nante uso sa 㠊㠰ã ‘㠮ã 㠫㠧㠯㠊㠰ã ‘ã らã ‘ ã 㠣㠦ã •ã ん㠪㠯㠪ã â€" ã 㠄㠦㠊㠵ã‚ 㠫㠯ã „ã‚ ã †ã ã ‘ã © 㠡ょ㠣ã ¨ ã ã ‘ã © 㠡ょ㠣㠨㠼ã ã 㠣ã ¦ 㠓゠㠄㠪㠊㠰ã ‘㠪ã‚“ã ¦ 㠪ã „㠕㠊㠰ã ‘㠪ã‚“ã ¦ ã †ã ã • Obake no kuni dewaObake darake datte saSonna hanashi kiiteOfuro ni hairouDakedo chotto dakedo chottoBoku datte kowai naObake nante nai saObake nante uso sa
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